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• I am a non-commercial photographer living in Melbourne, Australia and have a love for everything photography which is my escape from the world
• Photography allows me to see the world in a different light as well as motivate me to keep fit outdoors
• I do not do weddings nor commercial work
• I do not sell anything
• I have almost no advertising on my sites and I am not going to send you to online retail websites such as Amazon without it being obvious to you (and if I do have such links I do not get payments from them - they are there only to save you searching)
• I am not sponsored by any photographic companies
• I have created this website to share what I have learned, and also to keep a ready resource available.
• If I have a significant error on my site, feel free to contact me
• I mainly use Canon, Olympus and Sony digital cameras but also have Bronica SQ and Mamiya TLR medium format film kits
• my photos on Flickr - these are better viewed on Fluidr
• my photos on 500px
• my photography blog
  • index to my blog posts
• my Facebook page where you can connect with me more readily
• my Youtube channel
• my photos in blog style on Tumblr
• some of my photos hosted on my website
• a selection of my photographs
• weekly favourite photos I have seen on the net
• some of my brief lens tests
• some handy photography links to other websites

Other sections of this wiki:

• my brief history of the world
• helpful travel links and information - Australia
• Melbourne
• Melbourne weather
• ultralight bushwalking
• my genealogy main index
• Gary's wiki test area
• photography articles written by Khen Lim
• Dokuwiki issues

• choosing a digital camera
  • megapixels - how many is best for you?
  • camera systems compared
    • compact fixed lens cameras:
      • tough, waterproof, shockproof compact fixed lens cameras
      • compact fixed lens digital cameras with larger sensors
      • relatively compact super zoom bridge cameras
    • digital SLR cameras
    • professional sports / journalistic dSLRs
    • mirrorless camera systems
    • lens mount cross-compatibility table
    • AF lens adapters
    • lens adapters
    • video capability and what to look for in a digital camera
  • my dream camera and lens kit
• what to look for in a laptop to edit photos
• essential items to take in your camera bag
• options on how to carry your camera - harnesses, belt mounts, etc
• ergonomic hiking backpacks for photographers
• backpacks and bags for photographic gear
• photographic filters
• camera lenses
  • fisheye lenses
  • super wide angle lenses
  • fast 50mm focal length lenses
  • standard lenses
  • portrait lens
  • super tele
  • perspective control lenses
  • image stabilised lenses
  • legacy lenses for mirrorless cameras
• light meters
• buying a telescope

• troubleshooting: camera not displaying lens aperture
• troubleshooting: camera not working, unresponsive
• troubleshooting: your camera is refusing to autofocus or images are blurry
• troubleshooting flash not firing or exposing correctly
• looking after your batteries
• how to clean your camera, lenses and sensor

• dummies guide to using a digital camera
• photography cheat sheet
• basics of creating a good photograph
• exposure
• ISO
• photographic colour temperature (white balance)
• photographic filters
• depth of field (DOF)
• bokeh
• digital cameras and focus
• lens focal length
• the art of photography - composition
  • photographic creativity and inspiration
  • black and white / monotone imagery
  • color theory and colour harmonies
• vignetting
• digital camera sensors
• sensor size
• sensor pixel pitch size and density
• sensor read out speed and silent shutter mode
• shutter shock and how it can blur your images
• image stabiliser
• light
• color / colour in photography
• photographic colour temperature (white balance)
• color blindness / color vision deficiency
• optics
• electromagnetic radiation and optics - a brief historical timeline

• light values and exposure metering
• digital camera RAW files
• shutter mechanisms, rolling shutter and flash sync
• digital image noise
• dynamic range
• using lens flare creatively
• planning for outdoor photography
• people photography
  • photographing people
  • portraiture
  • outdoor portraits
  • the girl in the woods at dusk with a lantern shot
  • the group or couple portrait
  • street photography
  • travel photography
• landscapes and seascapes
  • landscape photography
  • photographing Australian forests
  • long exposure photography
    • how to blur water motion - waterfalls, seascapes, etc
  • photographing sunrises and sunsets
  • creating sunstars and sunburst rays of light in your photos
  • photographing storms and lightning
  • photographing winter frost
  • photography in fog
  • how to shoot photos from a helicopter
  • panorama
  • 360 degree spherical panoramas and Little Planet imagery
  • fisheye lens photography
  • infrared photography
  • ultraviolet light photography (black light)
  • timelapse photography
    • motorized dolly for timelapse or video work
  • popular landscape locations
• night and low light photography
  • low light and action photography
  • shooting bio-luminescent ghost fungi, mushrooms and other organisms
  • urban night photography
  • photographing fireworks
  • astrophotography
  • astrophotographic landscapes of the Milky Way
  • photographing the solar eclipse
  • how to photograph a total eclipse of the moon (lunar eclipse / blood moon)
  • photographing the moon
  • photographing astronomical occultations
  • photographing comets
  • observing and photographing meteors
  • observing and photographing aurora borrealis and aurora australis
• sports, wildlife and action photography
  • photographing birds and birds in flight
  • photographing wildlife
  • photographing surfers, sharks and beach life
  • photographing motor sports - car racing / motor cycle racing
  • photography at the footy (AFL photography)
  • high speed (ultra short exposure) photography
• architectural photography - buildings, interior, real estate
• indoor, close up and still life photography
  • indoor photography ideas for a rainy day
  • photographing glass, food, beer, or wine
  • converting your film negatives or slides to digital (film scanning with a camera)
  • macrophotography
  • photographing droplets
  • macrophotography for Micro Four Thirds cameras
  • flash units for macrophotography including ring flashes and twin flashes
  • automatic in-camera focus stacking function for greater depth of field on Olympus cameras
  • how to shoot creative product shots using a fish tank, water and milk
  • how to shoot flat lays
• remote control of cameras
• digital camera live preview
• geotagging your photos with GPS data
• backpacks and bags for photographic gear
• tripods
• photographic film in a digital age
• how to copy your film negatives and slides using your camera
• videography
  • using your digital camera as a webcam
  • using your digital camera to create vertical videos for Facebook or Instagram

• flash technology
• remote flash for cameras
• flash modifiers
• light reflectors and diffusers
• flash sync
• flash units for macrophotography including ring flashes and twin flashes
• TTL flash for Micro Four Thirds cameras
• more details on flash options for Four Thirds and Micro Four Thirds cameras
• studio flash
• using flash in the sun
• photographic lighting basics
• continuous source LED photographic and video lighting
• remote radio wireless flash with the Olympus OM-D cameras
• Godox X 2.4GHz radio remote TTL flash and lighting
• Cactus v6II remote radio wireless TTL flash with the Olympus OM-D cameras
• Metz flash systems
• Quantum flash systems

• the Olympus OM-D system and how to make the most of it
• comparison of current Micro Four Thirds cameras
• comparison of older Olympus OM-D cameras
• cine / video / movie gear for Micro Four Thirds
• a catalogue of Micro Four Thirds lenses
  • wide angle to standard lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 17mm "wide angle" street photography lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 25mm "standard" lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 45mm "portrait" lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 3-5x standard range zoom lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 3x telephoto zoom lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 3-4x super-telephoto zoom lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • 8-10x super-zoom lenses for Micro Four Thirds
  • wide aperture telephoto in 135-150mm range for Micro Four Thirds
• lens adapters
  • focal reducer adapters and the Olympus OM-D cameras
• Olympus OM-D camera menus
• suggested settings for the Olympus OM-D E-M5 Micro Four Thirds camera
• suggested settings for the Olympus OM-D E-M1 Micro Four Thirds camera
• suggested settings for the Olympus OM-D E-M10 Micro Four Thirds camera
• activating the Live Super Control Panel (SCP) in Olympus cameras
• using manual exposure with the Olympus OM-D cameras
• live histogram in Olympus cameras
• ESP exposure metering in Olympus digital cameras
• spot meter modes of Olympus cameras
• Shoot RAW and Expose to The Right (ETTR) for optimal image quality
• managing white balance on the Olympus cameras
• optimising autofocus on the Olympus OM-D whilst using Micro Four Thirds lenses
• optimising manual focus on the OM-D cameras: focus peaking and magnify view
• using your Olympus OM-D with Four Thirds or manual focus lenses
• timelapse photography with Olympus OM-D cameras
• multiple exposure photography with Olympus OM-D cameras
• Olympus Hi Resolution mode
• high dynamic range (HDR) photography with Olympus OM-D cameras
• Using your Olympus OM-D cameras tethered to a computer
• flash and lighting for OM-D cameras:
  • TTL flash for Micro Four Thirds cameras
  • flash units for macrophotography including ring flashes and twin flashes
  • Olympus OM-D flash modes
  • using the Olympus OM-D cameras with flash
  • remote TTL flash RC mode with the Olympus OM-D cameras
  • remote radio wireless flash with the Olympus OM-D cameras
  • super FP flash mode
  • manual flash with Olympus cameras
  • flash x-sync in Olympus digital cameras
  • using the Olympus FL-600R flash
  • using Olympus cameras to achieve a key-shift effect with flash
• macrophotography for Micro Four Thirds cameras
• flash units for macrophotography including ring flashes and twin flashes
• automatic in-camera focus stacking function for greater depth of field on Olympus cameras
• color creator function on Olympus cameras
• Picture Modes on Olympus cameras
• Olympus Art Filters
• long exposure dark frame thermal noise in Olympus cameras
• long exposure modes in Olympus cameras
  • Olympus Live BULB mode
  • Olympus Live Time mode
  • Olympus Live Composite mode - very cool feature for star trails, light painting, etc

• tips on how to use the Sony a7 series cameras
• Sony NEX FX full frame mirrorless cameras
• Sony FE E-mount full frame lenses
• 35mm full frame lenses for Sony E-mount
• 50mm full frame lenses for Sony E-mount
• Legacy lenses on Sony NEX FX full frame mirrorless cameras
• Autofocus lens adapters for Sony NEX E-mount cameras

• Nikon Z full frame mirrorless system
• tips for using your Nikon Z system camera
• Nikon Z6
• Nikon Z7
• Nikon Z mount lenses
• Nikon Z DX cameras and lenses

• tips for using your Canon R system
• Canon R full frame mirrorless camera system
• Canon RP full frame mirrorless camera
• Canon R system lenses (Canon RF)

• Canon EOS camera system
• Canon EOS full frame dSLRs compared
• Canon EF lenses
  • Canon EF wide angle lenses
  • Canon EF standard zoom lenses and primes
  • Canon EF telephoto lenses
  • tilt-shift lenses for Canon EOS cameras
  • macro lenses for Canon EOS cameras
• autofocus modes on the Canon 1D Mark III
• Canon 1D Mark III with tilt-shift lenses
• macrophotography with Canon dSLRs

• how to use image editing tools
• RAW image processing workflow
• image editing software
• Affinity Photo image editor
• On1 Photo RAW software
• Capture One Pro image editing software
• Luminar 4
• Adobe Lightroom techniques
• Adobe Photoshop® techniques 1
• digital photographic printing
• color calibration
• AI to create videos from stills
• AI in photography
• CGI in still photography
• composite photography and post-processing
• extending your home internet network

• creating photo albums on the web
• online image galleries
• online photography forums and communities

• copyright law and photography in Australia
• is your photograph legal and ethical?
• safety for photographers, their gear and their models
• photography as collectible fine art
• history of photography
• professional photography as a career
• photography and modelling scams
• some handy photography links to other websites

• teleconverters explained
• camera lenses
  • super wide angle lenses
  • wide angle lenses
  • fast 35-40mm focal length lenses
  • fast 50mm focal length lenses
  • standard camera zoom lenses
  • portrait lenses
  • lenses for macrophotography
  • telephoto zoom lens to 300mm
  • super telephoto lenses
    • super telephoto mirror lenses
  • perspective control, shift and/or tilt lenses
  • travel photography
  • weatherproof lenses
  • iPhone camera lenses
• lenses by mount type:
  • lens mount cross-compatibility table
  • lens adapters
  • mirrorless cameras
    • Sony FE E-mount full frame lenses
    • Nikon Z mount lenses
    • Canon R system lenses (Canon RF)
    • a catalogue of Micro Four Thirds lenses
  • dSLR cameras
    • Canon EF lenses
    • Canon EF-S lenses
    • Four Thirds lenses
    • Nikon DX lenses
  • legacy lenses for mirrorless cameras
    • Olympus OM lenses
    • Leica and Voigtlander rangefinder lenses
    • Minolta SR mount manual focus Rokkor lenses
    • Pentax M42 lenses
    • Nikon F camera system lenses
    • Leica R mount lenses
    • Canon FD lenses
    • Konica Hexanon AR legacy manual focus lenses
    • Carl Zeiss 35mm full frame lenses

• history of photography

• compact fixed lens cameras:
  • tough, waterproof, shockproof compact fixed lens cameras
  • compact fixed lens digital cameras with larger sensors
  • relatively compact super zoom bridge cameras
  • multi-lens cameras
• mirrorless camera systems
  • Micro Four Thirds system - Olympus PEN/OM-D and Panasonic Lumix
    • the Olympus OM-D system and how to make the most of it
  • 35mm full frame mirrorless camera systems
    • Sony NEX FX full frame mirrorless cameras
    • Leica SL-system full frame mirrorless digital camera system
      • system announced late 2015
    • Nikon Z full frame mirrorless system
      • system formerly announced Aug 2018
    • Canon R full frame mirrorless camera system
      • system formerly announced Sept 2018
    • Panasonic S full frame mirrorless system
      • announced Sept 2018, same mount as Leica full frame
    • Olympus full frame mirrorless - no current rumours or announcements as to whether this will eventuate, but patents have been registered
  • other cropped sensor mirrorless systems
    • Sony NEX E-mount camera system
    • Sigma SA mount cameras
    • Fujifilm X mirrorless system
    • Canon EOS-M EF-M mirrorless system
    • Leica LT-system mirrorless digital camera system
    • Polaroid mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras
  • medium formal mirrorless systems
    • Phase One A series medium format mirrorless cameras
    • Hasselblad X series medium format mirrorless cameras
    • Fujifilm GF medium format mirrorless digital
  • discontinued mirrorless series:
    • Nikon 1 mirrorless camera system
    • Samsung NX Mini mirrorless camera system
    • Samsung NX mirrorless camera system
• digital SLRs:
  • digital SLR cameras
  • timeline of development of dSLR cameras
  • Canon EOS camera system
  • Nikon F dSLR system
  • Sony Alpha dSLR system
  • Pentax K mount camera system
  • 35mm full frame digital cameras
  • medium format digital camera systems
    • Hasselblad H series medium format cameras
    • Mamiya / Phase One 645 medium format camera system
    • Leica S medium format digital camera system
  • discontinued dSLR systems:
    • Olympus Four Thirds dSLR system

• 35mm film systems:
  • Olympus OM system
  • Pentax K mount camera system
  • Minolta SR mount manual focus 35mm film SLR system
  • Minolta autofocus 35mm film SLR system
  • Canon FD lenses
  • Canon EOS camera system
  • Nikon F
  • Contax Yashica 35mm film SLR camera system
  • Leica camera systems
• medium format film camera systems
  • twin lens reflex film cameras
  • Mamiya twin lens reflex film cameras
  • Bronica SQ 6x6 medium format film system
  • Hasselblad
  • Mamiya / Phase One 645 medium format camera system
  • Mamiya 6x7 medium format SLR camera system

• Vincent Laforet's blog - his video gear - well worth a read
• Philip Bloom's blog - another very worthwhile videography blog
• video capability and what to look for in a digital camera
• pro video cameras:
  • professional level digital video cameras
  • videography tips